France's President Emmanuel Macron and Prime Minister Élisabeth Borne are facing a no-confidence motion

France's President Emmanuel Macron and Prime Minister Élisabeth Borne are facing a no-confidence motion. Due to two no-confidence motions against French Prime Minister Élisabeth Borne, the government is on the verge of collapse. This crisis arose after the government invoked Article 49.3 of the Constitution to pass the budget on Monday. If the no-confidence motion is passed, both Prime Minister Élisabeth Borne and President Emmanuel Macron will be under pressure.

What happened? Prime Minister Élisabeth Borne invoked Article 49.3 of the Constitution to pass the 2025 social security budget in the National Assembly (lower house of the French Parliament) without a vote. This budget proposes a €60 billion tax increase and spending cuts to reduce the budget deficit.

Immediately after this move, the far-right National Rally (RN) and the left-wing New Popular Front (NUPF) parties filed two no-confidence motions against Borne.

Marine Le Pen, leader of the National Rally party, said, "The French people have lost confidence in this government. We are proposing a motion of no confidence against the government." Similarly, left-wing leader Mathilde Panot said, "This is another attack on democracy. We will force the government to resign."

How is Borne's government in danger? A vote on the no-confidence motion could be held on Wednesday. If the no-confidence motion passes with 289 votes, Borne's government will be forced to resign.

Currently, the left has 180-192 seats and the right has 141 seats. If both sides vote together, the required number for the no-confidence motion will be easily met.

Far-right leader Jordan Bardella commented, "Unless a miracle happens, the government will not survive."

If the no-confidence motion passes, it will be the first time since 1962 that a French government has been defeated on a no-confidence motion, and Élisabeth Borne will become the shortest-serving prime minister in French history.

What is the future of Emmanuel Macron? If Borne's government falls, it will be a major political blow for President Macron. However, Macron cannot dissolve the parliament as he called an election in July and according to the French constitution, a second election cannot be called within a year.

President Macron can appoint a new Prime Minister and keep Borne's government as a caretaker government. He can also form a government of technocrats who are politically neutral.

Although the possibility of Macron resigning and calling a presidential election is very slim, the current crisis has created new instability in his rule.

People in France and the international community are concerned about how long political uncertainty and instability will continue in France.