The Unique Role of First Ladies in American Political History and an Invaluable Exhibition

The Unique Role of First Ladies in American Political History and an Invaluable Exhibition

From Martha Washington to the present day, America's First Ladies have always fascinated the nation. Though unelected and unpaid, they hold a position of power defined by their personalities, interests, and social expectations.

Americans expect the First Lady to be a symbol of home, family, and womanhood, although the meaning of these ideals changes with each generation. She also serves as a political partner, from the campaign trail to White House receptions. Some First Ladies support the presidency behind the scenes, while others use their status to bring about change in their own right. However, too much independence often leads to criticism, labeling them as arrogant, power-hungry, or unladylike. Whether remembered through history books or seen as contemporaries, the women of the White House continue to captivate the public long after they leave Washington.

The exhibition “First Ladies: Political Role and Public Image” uniquely highlights the institution of the First Lady in American history. From Dolley Madison and Mary Todd Lincoln to Eleanor Roosevelt’s humanitarian efforts and the wives of recent presidents, this exhibition showcases remarkable individuals who have held this demanding position.

Developed by historian Edith P. Mayo, curator of the permanent exhibition at the Smithsonian’s National Museum of American History, the exhibition features over 150 significant and beautiful objects from the Smithsonian's rare First Ladies Collection. These include more than two centuries of inaugural and evening gowns, White House furnishings and china, photographs, portraits, campaign memorabilia, and personal keepsakes.

This exhibition is a memorable and unparalleled tribute to the historical influence and crucial role First Ladies have played in shaping American political history.